Collet chuck



0t.24,1944. A, M STONER v v2,360,908

COLLET CHUCK Filed Jan. 9, 19213V IIIIIIII BY .3445/5 44 34 6,( j l ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 24, v1944 COLLET cinici:1

Arthur Merrick Stoner, West Hartford, Conn., as-

signor to The Jacobs Manufacturing Company,

' Hartford, Conn.,

a corporation oi Connecticut Application January 9, 1943, Serial No. 471,827

1l Claims.

This invention relates to a collet chuck. Its object is to provide a simple and inexpensive construction by which the collet may be4 moved. into a slidable block by hand into preliminary engagement with a tool or other article and may then be tightened upon ing a further longitudinal movement to the slidable block and the collet by an eccentric mechanism. Another object of the invention is to provide a chuck of this type which `is open from end to end so that long articles may be passed through it. By means of my novel arrangement a single collet may be used to engage tools With shanks which vary considerably in diameter. Another advantage of this invention is that all adjustment of its parts is made from theffront of the chuck and without removing it from the machine tool upon which it is mounted.

These and other objects will appear from the following specification in which I will describe the invention, the novel features'of which will be pointed out in appended claims.

This application is a continuation in part of my application Serial No. 434,899, filed March 16, 1942.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of a chuck which is made according to and embodies my invention;

Fig. 2 is a similar viewshowing some of the parts in different relative positions;

Fig. 3 is a sectional end elevation of the chuck shown in the preceding iigures, the section being taken onl the line 3-3 of Fig. l;

Fig. 4 is an elevation of a transverse pin and bushing shown separated from -each other;

Fig. 5 is an end view of the parts shown in Fig.4:

Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of a chuck of modified construction which also embodies my invention;

Fig. 'l is a side elevation collet shown in Fig. 6, and

Fig. 8 is an end view of the collet shown in Fig. 7.

of the double ended the article by impart` of the body III between the shoulder I2 and the inner face I1 of the collar I5. This block has a central .longitudinal bore 3|, the inner end of which is threaded, as at 32. A transverse slot 33 having flat parallel sides 34 is cut across one side of the block 30.

40 is a pin normal to and oiset from the axis of the body which restrains the block 30 from 'rotating within the body I0 and is also arranged to im'part longitudinal movement to the block. This pin has a circular head 4I which is rotatively seated in a circular opening I8 in the body. The opposite end portion l42 oi the pin is of restricted diameter and fits a circular bushing 43, the outer diameter'of which is preferably the same as that of the head 4I and is arranged to be seated in a-circular opening I9 in the body. The head 4I, bushing 43 and the openings I8 and I9 are all in axial alinement. The intermediate portion 44 of the pin between the head 4I and the bushing 43 is circular in crosssection, but its axis is offset from the axis of the head and bushing. Its diameter is less than that of the head and the bushing and greater than that ofthe reduced end portion 42.

45 is a cross head in the slot 33 in the block 30 tting its sides 34 and slidable radially therein. The cross head is cut away, as at 46 to clear the bore 3|. The intermediate part 44 of the transverse pin 40 passes through a hole 41 in the cross head and forms a rotative t therewith.

These parts are assembled by passing the pin through one side of the body, through the hole 4l in the cross head and into the opening I8 in the body. The bushing 43 is then placed on the restricted end 42 of the v,pin into its seat I9 in cylindrical bore I I the body, after which the end of the pin is riveted I0 is the body of the chuck. It has a cylindrical bore II which terminates in a transverse shoulder I2. I3 is a central tapered bore through the front end of the body. Suitable means are provided for attaching the body I0 to a driven part of a machine tool and in the particular form selected for illustrative purposes a collar- I4, internally threaded as at I5 is shownon the rear end of the body and held thereon by bolts I 8. This collar has an inner transverse face I1.

20 designates the spindle of a lathe, drill press or other machine tool. This spindle has a central bore 2| and external threads 22 which engage the threads in the collar I5.

30 designates a block slidably mounted in the over the adjacent in Fig. 3.

A polygonal sided recess 48 is formed in the bead 4I of the pin for the reception of a wrench by means of wh-ich the pin may be rotated.` When the p'n is rotated, the axis of the intermediate portion of it will rotate around the axis of the head 4I and the bushing 43 and will impart a radial recprocation to the cross head and also a longitudinal reciprocation to both the cross head and .part of theA bushing, as shown 'the block 30.

50 is a collet in the form of a hollow tube having an enlarged conical outer end 5I which fits the tapered borel I3 in the forward end of the body. This outer end of the collet is knurled or roughened, as ati-2, to facilitate its manual rotation. It is also made with longitudinal slots 53 to provide for its contraction in the usual mannei'. The inner end of the collet is threaded at 54 to t the threads 32 in the block.

In operation, the pin 40 is rotated to bring its portion 44 into the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1 which moves the block 3II as far as it can go toward the iront of the chuck with its forward end near the shoulder il of the body I.. Then with a collet in place with its threads I4 started into engagement with the threads I2, a desired article is inserted in the collet. This article may betheshankofatool or itmaybealongrod which passes entirely through the chuck and into or through the spindle 2d of the machine tool.

The collet is then screwed into the slidable block by hand by the operator grasping its knurled end 52. This will contract the end of the collet and bring it into contact with the article. Then a wrench is inserted in the socket Il in the head of the pin I and the pin rotated toward the position in which its eccentric portion is shown at A in Fig. 2. This moves the slidable block and the collet inwardly and causes the end of the collet to be forced with great pressure against the article in it.

In Fig. 6the forward end of the body IDA is extended and externally threaded, as at 35. The inner end of the boreBiA in the block 30A is tapered to form a conical surface 3S.

60 is a cap internally threaded as at 6I to fit the threads 35 on the forward end of the body IBA. This cap has a tapered bore 62 corresponding to the bore 36 but tapered in the opposite direction.

50A is a collet within the collar 30A having. oppositely tapered ends 55 and Si adapted to be engaged by the tapered surfaces 62 and 36 respectively. Longitudinal slots 51 extend inwardly from the front end of the collet between which are slots 58 which extend from its rear end.

In this form of the invention the preliminary engagement of the tool or article is made by for manually moving the position of the collet in the block, a cross head slidabiy tted in the slot in said block, a transverse cylindrical bore in said cross head normal to the bore in the drawback block, and a rotative pin passing transversely through the body and the cross head and nttins the' bore in said cross head, offset from the axis oi' the body of the block to clear the longitudinal bore in the block said pin having a portion eccentric to its axis of rotation, and being provided with means. to facilitate its rotation.

3. A collet chuck comprising a hollow body with a tapered orice at its forward end, means for attaching the body to a machine tool, a drawback block longitudinally slidable in said body, said drawback block having threads and a longitudinal boreA passing therethrough. a slot in the drawback block extending laterally from one side of the bore therein, said slot having flat sides normal to the axis of the bore in the drawback A block, a collet in the bore of the drawback block Y provided with threads adapted to ilt the threads screwing up the cap 80 to squeeze the opposite ends of the collet .between the tapered surfaces 36 and 62. The nal compression is made by turning. the eccentric pin to move the block 30A toward the cap B0. This form of collet has the advantage of uniform compression throughout its length.

I have shown and described several devices which embody this invention for illustrative purposes, but it is obvious that many structural modiilcations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope. For this reason I intend no limitations other than those imposed .by the appended claimsl What I claim is:v

1. A collet chuck comprising a hollow body with a tapered orifice at its forward end, means for attaching the body to a machine tool, a drawback block longitudinally slidable in said body, said block having a longitudinal bore therethrough, a collet in the bore of the block having a tapered outer surface, threaded means for manually moving theposition of the collet in the block. and a rotative pin passing transversely through the body and the block offset from the axis of the body and the block to clear the longion the drawback block, and an enlarged conical head arranged to be brought into coactive engagement with the tapered orice in the end of the body, means for manually rotating the collet to adjust the position of the collet in the drawback block, a cross head slidably iltted in the slot in the drawbackfblock, a cylindrical bore in said cross head normal to the bore in the drawback block, and a rotative pin passing transversely through the body and the cross head ofiset from the axis of the body of the block to clear the longitudinal bore in the block and iitting the bore in said cross head, said pin having a portion eccentric yto its axis of rotation, -and being provided with means to facilitate its rotation.

4. A collet chuck comprising a 'hollow body with a tapered oriiice at its forward end. means for attaching the body to a machine tool, a drawback block longitudinally slidable in said body;

'tudinal bore in the block, said pin having a portion eccentric to its axis of rotation, and being provided with means to facilitate its rotation.

' 2. A collet chuck comprising a hollow body with a tapered oriilce at its forward end, means for attaching the body to a machine tool, a draw' back block longii'zudinally slidable in said body, said block having a longitudinal bore passing therethrough, a slot in said block extending lat-v said drawback block having threads and having a longitudinal bore passing therethrough, a slot in the drawback block extending laterally from one side of the bore therein, said slot having flat sides normal to the axis of the bore in said drawback block, a tubular collet in the bore of the drawback block provided with threads adapted to ilt the threads on the drawback block, and an enlarged conical head at the front end of the collet arranged to be brought into coactive engagement with the tapered orice in the end of the body, means for manually rotating the collet to adjust the position 'or the collet in the drawback block, a cross head slidably fitted in the slot in the drawback block, a cylindrical bore in said cross head normal to the bore in the drawback block, 1a rotative pin passing transversely through the body and the cross head odset from the axis of the body and the block to clear the longitudinal bore in the block, said pin having circular end portions in circular openings formed on opposite sides of the body and an intermediate eccentric portion passing through and fitting Y the bore in the cross head, and being provided with a tapered orince at its forward end, means erally from one side of the bore therein, said slot having fiat sides normal to the axis of the bore in the block, a collet in the bore of the block having a tapered outer surface threaded for attaching the body to a machine tool, va drawback block longitudinally slidable in said body. said drawback block having a longitudinal bore passing therethrough and being constructed with a slot extending laterally from one means side of the bore therein and having a flat side normal to the axis-of the body, a collet in the bore of the drawback block having an enlarged conical head at its forward endarranged to engage the tapered orifice in the end of the body, threaded means for manually moving the position of the collet in the drawback block, a cross head slidable on said ilat side of the opening in the drawback block, a rotative pin passing transversely through the body and the cross head, oiset from the axis of the body and the block to clear the longitudinal bore in the block said pin having end portions eccentric to its axis of rotation seated in circular openings in the body, and being provided with means to facilitate its rotatiori.-`

6. A collet chuck comprising a hollow body, means for attaching the body to a machine tool, a'block longitudinally slidable in said body, said block having a longitudinal bore passing therethrough and a flange at its inner end constructed with a tapered orice, a member in. threaded engagement with the outer end of the body, said member having a flange constructed with a tapered orice, a collet in the bore of the block interposed between the ange thereof and the ange of the member, said collet having tapered outer surfaces at its ends in engagement with the tapered orifices in said anges, a Din passing transversely through the body and the block oilset from the axis of the body and the block, to clear the longitudinal bore in the block said pin in the body and an intermediate portion eccentric to its axis of rotation and being provided with means to facilitate itsl rotation.

7. A collet chuck comprising a hollow body, means for attaching the body to a machine tool, a block longitudinally slidable in said body, said block having a longitudinal bore passing therethrough, a slot in said block extending laterally from one side of the bore, said slot having at sides normal to the axis of the bore in the block, a flange at the inner end of the block constructed with a tapered orifice, a member in threaded engagement with the outer end of the body, said member having a ange constructed with a tapered orice, a collet in the bore of the block between the iiange thereof and the ilange of the member, said collect having tapered outer surfaces at its ends in engagement with the tapered orifices in said anges, a cross head slidably fitted in the slot in said block, a cylindrical bore in said cross head normal to the bore in the block, a pin passing transversely through the body and the cross head and fitting the bore in said cross head oil'set from the axis of the body and the block, to clear the longitudinal bore in the block said pin having a portion eccentric to its axis of rotation and being provided With means to facilitate its rotation.

8. A collet chuck comprising a hollow body, means for attaching the body to a machine tool, a block longitudinally slidable in said body, said block having a longitudinal bore passing therethrough, and an inwardly projecting flange at its inner end, a member in threaded engagement with the outer end of the body, said member having an inwardly projecting iiange at its outer end, at leastoneof said ilanges having a tapered orice, a collet in the boreof the block interposed between the flange thereof and theflange of the member, said collet having a tapered surface at at least one of its ends in engagement with the tapered oricein one of the anges, a

' pin passing transversely through the body and having end portions seated in circular openings y a. block longitudinally slidable in said body, said block having a longitudinal bore passing therethrough, a slot in said block extending laterally from one side of the bore, said slot having iiat sides normal to the axis of the bore in the block, an inwardly projecting flange vat the inner end of the block, a member in threaded engagement with the outer end of the body, said member having an inwardly projecting flange at its outer end, at least one of said anges having a tapered orifice, a collet in the bore of the block interposed between the flange thereof and the flange of the member, said collet having a, tapered surface at at least one of its ends in engagement with the tapered oril'lce in one of the ilanges, a cross head slidably tted in the slot in said block, a cylindrical bore in said cross head normal to the bore in the block, a pin passing transversely through the body and the cross head and fitting the bore in said cross head, offset from the axis of the body and the block to clear the longitudinal bore in thevbloc'k, said pin having a portion eccentric to its axis of rotation and being provided with means to facilitate its rotation.

10. A collet chuck comprising a hollow body, means for attaching the body to a machine tool, a block longitudinally slidable in said body said block having a longitudinal bore, a transverse slot in said block having flat sides normal to the axis of the bore in the block, a iiange at the inner end of the block constructed with a tapered seat, a member in adjustable threaded engagement with the outer end of the body, said member having a flange constructed with a tapered orice, a tubular collet in the bore of the block between said flanges, said collet having oppositely tapered outer surfaces `at its ends in engagement with the tapered portions of said iangesI a cross head slidably fitted in the slot in said block, a cylindrical bore in said cross head normal to the bore in the block, and a pin passing transversely through the body and the cross head said pin having end portions rotatively seated in circular pockets lin the body and an intermediate eccentric portion iltting the bore in said cross head, and being provided with means to facilitate its rotation.

11. A collet chuck comprising a hollow body, means for attaching the body to a machine tool, a block longitudinally slidable in said body, a transverse slot in said block having at sides normal to the axis of tapered seat formed in adjustable threaded engagement with the outer end of the body, said member having a ilange constructed with a tapered orifice, a collet having oppositely tapered outer surfaces at its ends in engagement with the tapered seat in the block and the tapered orifice in the lange, a cross head rotation.

t ARTHUR MERRICK STONER.

the bore m the mock, a the block, a member inA 

